Not sure if this will work for others or it was a coincidence. I've been checking for updates through Windows Update all day without luck getting the 24H2 update. Trying to find a way to provoke the 24H2 update to happen, I ran gpedit.msc to set the following policy. The first scan immediately following Enable and Apply didn't find anything but a second scan a few seconds later found the 24H2 update and started to download it. You can set this back to Not Configured after the update is found.
May not work for all but thought I would suggest it in case it works for others. This may also be exclusive to Windows 11 Pro. Can't recall if Windows 11 Home has local group policy (gpedit.msc) access.
Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > Windows Components > Windows Update > Manage updates offered from Windows Update
https://preview.redd.it/b802nkyrl7sd1.png?width=686&format=png&auto=webp&s=acc1d4decc6dadae8631d19f50b106fab6e60b13
